Globalization

1. On a variety of opinions about globalization, it can be seen in three ways; economic, political, and cultural. Globaliziaon has two important features which are increasing connectivity and global consciousness. Immanuel Wallerstein defines a world-system in several ways. A unit with a single division of labor and multiple cultural systems, a social systems that people live in, society that exist conflicting force, tear apart and functioning at different times in terms of strong and weakness.
In my opinion, from Joseon Dynasty or even more before that time, there exsisted sort of globalization. By trading, through export and import, different countries must have traded not only their products but also their culture.

2. It was interesting that there were more about and more to talk about globalization. For example, countries still arguing trying to get power in economical way. They get along together in certain ways like economical and cultural etc and make globalization movements.

3. More and more thoughts and theories about globalization are there in many areas. It is infinite to talk about. Capitalism is a system based on competition between free producers using free labor with free commodities, free meaning available for sale and purchase on a market. If I got this sentence right, I would ask a question, in the many concepts of world-systems, capitalism makes symptoms and situations in the meaning of free because free means there is no charge of making those symptoms??

About my own "Globalization"

Version:1.0 StartHTML:0000000167 EndHTML:0000003040 StartFragment:0000000454 EndFragment:0000003024

Onestar Lim 2008045489

1. Globalization is a common phenomenon occurring all over this globe. Human beings are born to communicate and it can be inferred through many chronological evidences. Nowadays people easily approach to one another’s thoughts via web browsers, social network services, television programs and more. Throughout all the increasing communications, the world is more globalizing ever. We can apply this term in economics, politics and also cultures. Globalization is also fueled by transportations and in before days there were negative aspects of it such as the “black plague”. Fore-time, the remarkable development in transportation carried not only products but also viruses, and the “black plague” is passed down through generations as a representative sample of the dark side of the globalization. There are many theories of globalization such as modernization theory, dependency theory and more. By translating one of the theories on Wikipedia, I plan to learn those. Cultural globalization brings us to think about symbols. On class we talked about the symbols and what does symbols stand for. For example, the superheroes are the hottest symbol of Hollywood these days and in my own perspective, the superheroes stand for the USA. To explain my standpoint, there are several elements which the superhero movies have. First, almost every superheroes speak English and live in the western. Next, they always fight for the USA and, by extension, in some movies they organized by the government of USA. These factors plant the millions of cinema audiences that the USA is both the world-police and the absolute good.
   
   
2. In my latest point of view, the term “globalization” is made newly with the enormous growth in network system. However, this thought was totally incorrect because there was the globalization in the era of Mongol Empire. Moreover, even if we turn the history clock to counterclockwise, there might have been “globalization” in any possible ways.
   
   
3. What would be the consequence of an excessive importation of other countries’ culture? Such as, the Korean singers’ unstoppable success in Japan is a considerable issue but the opposite side is not happening at all. 

What is the globalisation?

What is the globalisation?

1. Summary:

In the article, it's basically about the globalisation; what is the globalisation, where does it come from, how does it affect to our society. No one can defines the globalisation in a sentence. In my perspective, its meaning is still being broad as time goes by. Thus, it starts with the parameters of globalisation. There are two features of globalisation. The first is increasing connectivity. Another is increasing global consciousness.  Even though most of studies focus on the former one but Anthropologist, Sociologist and Cultural Historians focus on the latter. Whatsoever, both are important features of globalisation.

Also, there are three dimensions of globalisation; the cultural, the political and the economical of it. It should be weighted that in indicating to the social dimension  we are including the communicative. What's more, this listing is not to imply that any one of these dimensions is more important than the other. Nor is it to maintain that such factors as environmental or ecological change are excluded. After all, it is human perception of the environment which is the crucial element.

Globalisation has a particular form, one which has been, to all intents and purposes, terminated by the founding of the United Nations organisation. This means that, like the operation of the UN, globalisation is focused on four points of reference: nation-states; world politics; individuals; and humanity.

Globalisation is not a thing, not an ‘it’. Recognition of its conceptual position, as opposed to its being an existential matter, is of prime importance. 

2. What was interesting/ what did you learn:

The method of approach in globalisation is quite interesting to me. The sentence -“Globalisation is not a thing, not an ‘it’.” - has big impact on me. Because of this sentence, it can not be defined as an sentence. Moreover, it is more useful to discuss features of globalisation rather imply the definition of it.

Globalisation is an ongoing process, even right now. Some other impose on bad side of globalisation, specially cultural globalisation - McDonaldization. It’s could bring about a form of homogeneity. Nevertheless, it somehow change into glocalisation. The culture could accept it with a special filter-own cultural aspects. 

3. Discussion Point:

Globalisation is a perceptual thing. It's absolutely different for everyone. What is globalisation for us?

copyright © 2013 by Dorothy Yerim Kim 2011042606 All right reserved

What is globalization?

What is globalization - Roland Robertson and Kathleen E. White

1) 'What is globalization?' is continuosly question what follows many general sense. Such as include governance, global citizenship, human rights, migration and creation of diasporas and kinds and so on. We have to concerned matters of particular topics in globalization. So we should be emphasized that in major respect in the frequently used phrase and essentially contested concept. And there is deviation with respect to ideas about globalization. So a number of scholors speak globalization in the plural, and it plays not a single process. Velho said globalization as an object, a perspective and a horizon. It means being addressed from an Archimedean standpoint. This is not entirely possible, but nonetheless with sufficient reflexivity. So, in the Velho paradigm, globalization may be understood as the direction in which the world considered as a whole is moving.
   The parameters of the general proceses of globalization is very widely, thought tha tht emost important single defining feature of globalization. In Huntington's argument, civilization conflicts would revolve above all upon profound differences in conceptons of human life. It would be extremely foolish to deny the significance of the material resource aspects of recent international conflicts of to neglect the great salience of military and strategic considerations.
   There are three major dimensions of dimensions of globalization. such as: the economic, the political and the cultural. Ritzer has influentially called Mcdonaldization. Even if Ritzer has not told about it in this way, McDonaldization would be spoken in form of cultural globalization. There were many concerned about cultural imperialism, it was spread all around the America. Others like Nike, Starbucks, the Gap, KFC and so on. Founding consumption of goods or services around the world in a relatively homogeneous way it it necessary to adapt brands to local circumstsnces.
   The issue of the form of globalization was raised many scholoars, especially Imaanuel Wallersten.
Wallerstein raised an extremely important point in the early stages of his crucial work on the making of what he calls the modern world-system. When he spoke of the different ways in which the world could have become the singular ‘system’ that it has now more or less actually become.
   One of the dangers of undisciplined critique is tha tglobalization simply becomes a negative buzzword, something to emply aas a source of blame for each and every 'problem' on this planet.


2)There are interesting things mentioned about cultural imperialism. It is practice of promoting, distinguishing, separating, or aritificially injecting the culture or language of one naton in to another(from Wiki).Despit of this phenomenon there has been found different ways. In other words, even though adaptation to the local may promote heterogeneity, the way in whicch such projects of the kimd are implemented is frequently very similar across much of the world.


3)Does McDonaldization influence to the globalization in a positive way or nagative way? I think it would be many positive way and also have many nagative way too.



2010044728 Yirang Kim

2. What is Globalization?

What is Globalization?

 1) It is so hard to define ‘Globalization’ just a one sentence. The man who defined globalization for the first time is sociologist Roland Robertson. He defined “the compression of the world and the intensification of the consciousness of the world as a whole.” Besides, other sociologist defined globalization.

We recognized globalization as three parts ; Cultural, Political, Economic. First, the cultural globalization is easy to realize. It is an identical symbol, ideology and systems of uniform behavioral norms over the world. For example, international popularity of Gangnam style of Korean culture come under the cultural globalization. The cultural globalization has been studied in various ways like Cultural Homogenization, Cultural Hegemony, Westernization, Americanization and etc.

The political globalization is a development of a political infrastructure of global governance that resolve international conflicts of problems. Most new glabal governance is operating undemocratically. There are Many various international organizations that resolve international problems. They operate with their purpose; OECD, WTO, IMF, IBRD, BIS. These organizations will be more powerful as time goes by.

The economic globalization is increasing amount of trade between countries and economic interdependence of national economies all over the world. It isn’t just their own problem that is an financial crisis of some country. It can be threaten global economy. Think about financial crisis of European countries like Greece of Spain. At that time, not only European countries but also Asian countries an U.S felt serious economic crisis situation. The Economic globalization has been made possible with the evolution of Capitalism ideology over the past few hundred years and economic integration over the world.

 2) It is very interesting that each of countries has a kind of interdependent organizational power. Because conflicts and disputes are still existing, even if they know about that.

 3) Honestly, I think that most of countries understand the concept of globalization. In the Joseon Dynasty, we used to take a policy of seclusion. However, we already know that it is unnecessary. we know that globalization is natural. but why do conflicts and disputes still exist?

+)epilogue

 

I’m not sure I did my assignment right. :( Because I’m not good at English... BUT if I should adjust my assignment, I will do my best. Thank you for reading.

1. What is Globalization?

What is Globalization?

1)     Many scholars have been trying to define ‘globalizations’ on their own, but it has so many different topics under this, and it also has many disputes about the definition. Especially, people from developing countries don’t agree with the definition made by or from more privileged societal contexts. Hence, it’s natural to think that not only one definition we can get from Globalization.

However, there was a person who thought this term as a single process. Vello understood globalization as the direction which the whole world is moving, and this term used widely after the fall of the Berlin Wall. At that time, there were two kinds of people who took globalization economically or had a broader view. Because that somehow meant collapse of communism, there was the anti-globalization movement. Through this movement, people became more aware of the great inequalities produced by globalization in mainly economic sense, but ironically, it helped globalization to be spread in the world. At that time, people thought that globalization was becoming a single place.

The most common idea of globalization might be increasing connectivity, and regarding of this, Samuel Huntington said the world would more focused on civilizational issues, as like people’s reaction on Bush’s proclaim about 9/11. He mentioned that civilizational conflicts would prioritize of all profound differences.

Globalization was seen to have three dimensions, which are the economic, the political, and the cultural. As time went by, with the development of technologies, people from all over the world are able to communicate either directly or through the internet, and it has brought the increase of social interaction. Therefore, more and more people think the dimensions of globalization are the economical, the political, the cultural, and the social. Speaking of the economic globalization, there are several things to talk about. Ritzer announced a new term ‘McDonaldization’, which means spread of goods or services to all around the world from America in a homogeneous way. But at the same time, they need to adapt their stuff to local circumstances to succeed, and we also got another term ‘glocalization’. It’s about the relationship between the global and the local and definitely one of consequences that globalization has brought. People foresee that it will be a more and more important and inevitable project to cope this issue globally with local circumstance. In order to do that, the two words ‘global’ and ‘local’ need to be seen as being different sides of the same icon than being apposite.

Immanuel Wallerstein raised an issue of the form of globalization and he said that the modern world could be systematized and coordinated along imperial lines. But without thinking of imperial lines, he insisted that globalization has been produced by the expansion of capitalism. Many authors see the 4 forms of globalization such as : the international-systemic aspect, the concept of humanity, individual selves, and the nation-state.

Globalization can be characterized by increasing global connectivity and increasing global consciousness.

2)     I found it ironic but interesting that anti-globalization movement actually contributed to spread of globalization. After reading this article, that fact made sense to me because I figured that globalization is not only global connectivity, but also global consciousness.

I want to think further whether we can see glocalization separately from globalization or not.

I am impressed that one of forms of globalization is the concept of humanity. Because globalization is criticized mainly that it causes inequality. If the humanity is one of the forms, there might be some ways to make that gap smaller and I think that’s all of our responsibility.

3)     I am not clear about international systemic aspect of globalization, and imperial lines in what Wallersetin said.