A link for photo about how Koreans react to TPP

'Chaos at TTP public hearing'

http://koreatimes.co.kr/www/news/biz/2013/11/602_146375.html

경향신문 기사) TPP는 또 하나의 한·미 FTA

11월15일 산업통상자원부가 주최한 환태평양 FTA 환태평양경제동반자협정(TPP) 공청회가 열렸다. 하지만 시작부터 어디서 많이 보던 광경이 연출되었다. 회의장 옆방을 입추의 여지 없이 가득 채운 경찰들, 그리고 회의장 뒷좌석의 용역들, 모두 힘을 모아 소리치는 농민들을 밖으로 내몬다. 2006년 2월 한·미 FTA 공청회의 ‘데자뷰’! 이해당사자들의 목소리를 들어야 할 공청회의 연단에는 막상 노동자, 농민, 중소기업, 환경단체 등은 눈을 씻고 봐도 없다. 공청회의 프레임도 찬반이 아닌, 찬성 중 ‘지금 하자’와 ‘좀 있다 하자’로 짜여 있다.

‘신중론’으로 포장된, 실은 찬성론의 한 변종이라 할 ‘좀 있다 하자’론은 그 근거로 이런 것을 들고 있다. 첫째, 실익이 미미하며, 둘째, 한·일 FTA가 TPP의 핵심이라고 할 때 제조업 피해가 상당하며, 셋째, 중국을 자극해 한·중 FTA에 부담이 된다. ‘지금 하자’론에 비해 ‘좀 있다 하자’론이 그나마 좀 더 현실적인 판단을 하고 있는 셈이다.

하지만 이나 저나 TPP의 위험성에 귀를 막고 있다는 점에서는 별반 차이가 없다. 다른 무엇보다 며칠 전 폭로된 TPP 지적재산권 챕터는 통상조약이 어떻게 국내 민주적 절차를 우회해서 초국적 자본의 이익을 극단적으로 대변하는지, 또 이를 통해 민주주의가 어떻게 공동화될 수 있는지를 여실히 보여준다. 알려진 바, 지재권 챕터의 감시 및 집행 규정 등은 미국, 한국 등이 서명했지만 유럽의회가 거부함으로써 무산된 ‘위조품 거래방지협정’(ACTA)’이나 ‘온라인 저작권 침해금지 법’(SOPA) 등에서 다시 긁어 모은 것이다. 만일 미 의회가 새로운 패스트트랙 법안을 입법해 수정없는 찬반만을 물어 TPP가 통과된다면, 이는 입법부를 우회하더라도 얼마든지 초국적 기업의 이익이 관철될 수 있음을 의미한다.

실제 TPP는 밀실에서 극비리에 추진되어 왔고, 미 의회조차도 사실상 배제한 채 오직 600여명의 미기업 자문역만이 협정문 작업에 참여한 것으로 알려져 있다. 문안작업에 참여한 미무역대표부 산하 지재권부문 산업통상자문위(ITAC) 위원들의 면면을 보면 왜 극비리에 협상이 추진되었는지 이해될 만 하다. 이들 비밀취급인가를 받은 16명의 위원은 GE, 존슨앤존슨, 시스코, AT&T, 영화 음반 등 엔터테인먼트, 생명공학, 제약업계 등 이익의 대변자로 구성되고 단 한명의 공익대변자도 없다. TPP는 그러므로 할리우드, 미 초국적 제약업계, 미 IT업계를 위한 극단적 보호주의의 다른 이름으로 자유무역과는 애당초 무관한 것이다.

더불어 작년에 유출되었던 투자챕터를 분석해 보면 TPP의 성격이 더욱 분명해진다. 핵심은 역시나 저 끝없는 논란거리인 투자자-정부 소송제(ISD)라 하겠다. ISD는 TPP 제12장 2절에 배치되어 있다. 특기할 만한 것은 첫째, 호주만은 ISD 수용을 거부했다는 점과 둘째, 무분별한 자본이동을 규제하기 위해 칠레가 중앙은행 외환의무예치제(URR) 권한을 확보했다는 점이다. 쉽게 말해 혹 우리가 TPP에 가입하더라도 호주정부를 상대로 ISD소송을 제기할 수 없으며, 칠레에 투자할 때는 투자액의 상당분을 칠레중앙은행에 무이자로 예치해야 한다는 말이다. 아무튼 분명한 것은 TPP로 인해 아·태지역국가 공공정책의 무력화 위험이 현저히 증대될 것이라는 점이다.

TPP는 그 자체 ‘높은 수준의 포괄적’ FTA이기 때문에 농업을 포함해 개별산업에 미치는 영향을 가늠하기가 쉽지 않다. 특히 사실상의 새로운 변수는 일본이기 때문에, 한·중 FTA로 인해 중하위 중소기업 대부분이 영향권에 포함된다면 TPP로 인해 자동차를 포함한 대기업도 상당한 충격을 받을 수밖에 없다. 한·미 FTA가 TPP의 한 원형이라고 볼 때, TPP는 곧 한·미 FTA가 환태평양 전역에 확산되는 것을 의미한다. 하지만 여기서 우리의 TPP 가입은 결국 쌀개방과 제조업 주력의 피해를 포함시켜, 한·미 FTA를 한 번 더 체결하는 것과 다를 바 없다
.

이해영 | 한신대 교수·국제관계학 2013-11-17

Blog 4. What is the relation between economics and globalization?

Transnational operation(TNC) is a key to understand economic globalization. Colonial and merchant capitalist created vast business empires at a world scale.First firm to engage in manufacturing production outside their home country didn't emerge until the second half of the nineteenth century, but it has drastically been increased since 1914 in 50 years. We also can see what's called global corporation like General Motors or Toyota. In this globalized world, there is an increasing diversity of TNCs. The reason for TNC activity could be seen as either market-oriented investment or asset-oriented investment. The first one is for companies which have reached saturation point in their domestic market to expand their market to abroad. The second one happened because of geographical unevenness. When a company wants to do TNC activity, they have two major ways. The first one ins 'greenfield' investment which is simply the building of totally new facilities which certainly is a risky venture. The second one is to enter into a strategic collaboration with one or more other firms like Motorola/IBM/Siemens/Toshiba developing new generation of memory chips together. It is important to think of networks of these kind of company or activity because TNCs are way more difficult to coordinate and control then single firms. Many countries made their time by joining and creating international organization such as EU or NAFTA. Asian countries which don't have that strong organization are also trying to make their own one. Living in the world where TNCs are very active is somewhat shaky though and we can see that confusion in WTO. This phenomenon also has brought some issues of how governments should be dealing with this, companies from other countries selling products in the country.

This society is running by market -theory and many people believe 'invisible hand and they think through competition, everything will get better and better. So they are open to agreement between countries like FTA for us. I still haven't been able to decide where to stand in terms of this matter because it is so complex and hard to do so. People still argue about that too. The only thing I am sure of is that TNC should head to more people's happiness. I recently watched a TED video which I also posted in this blog about economic gap in China. I think economic globalization should be contributing to distribute to the poor what we have already not helping the rich have more. My another thought is that economic globalization is closely related to political globalization because it works by the power of each government. That is inevitable but bitter fact.

Political globalization

Political globalization>>

According to Wikipedia, 

Politics (from Greek: politikos, meaning "of, for, or relating to citizens") is the practice and theory of influencing other people on a civic or individual level. More narrowly, it refers to achieving and exercising positions of governance — organized control over a human community, particularly a state.

Globalization is the process of international integration arising from the interchange of world views, products, ideas, and other aspects of culture.

For political globalization, it is redirected to supranatinal union. A supranational union is a type of multi-national organization where negotiated power is delegated to an authority by governments of member states. The concept of supranational union is sometimes used to describe the European Union (EU), as a new type of political entity.

The relationship between globalization and political spaces and borders revolves around two key spatial dynamics. First is associated with the work of Castells who holds that the network society is constituted by the space of flows which exists in tension with a space of places. According to him, the advent of network society signals the decline of industrial society, the former relying on a space of flows, the latter ona space of places. The second dynamic is Beck's idea of 'cosmopolitanization' or 'globalization from within societies' which means the nature of state and society is undergoing change as a result of globalization and that domestic/foreign assume new meanings. By that, globalization can generate new roles and greater transborder networking and border less is revealed.   The relationship between spaces and borders is central to understanding poilitical globalization. Since they don't have to be understand as unitary and exclusive, the globe can focus on political things in a single place. It was a bit hard for me to understand the text so I looked up Wikipedia. Much easier to understand.  To talk about what I understood, when people gets power, they would want to keep their power in peaceful way by making certain terms of laws for their own and world. There are positive sides for the union such as EU, however some people at the top executives make good for their own; passing laws if they get benefits, do not pass the laws if it could harm them. Very complex,but let's think about this: there are so many concerns about political globalization. Could we find these examples in our life? such as in school. The article sounded difficult, so it would be nice to find out these kind of phenomenons in our life much easier to understand. Piotr! Could you help me?

South Korea's Fateful Decision on the Trans-Pacific Partnership

<South Korea's Fateful Decision on the Trans-Pacific Partnership>

http://www.brookings.edu/research/papers/2013/09/0918-south-korea-trans-pacific-partnership

A simple thought of political globalization

 

 What the writer implies in the reading is that political globalization is inevitable because of democracy, human rights, the simplicity of movement and so on. He also indicates that the rise of normative global culture is another point of view that seeing the world is politically globalizing. The examination of political globalization was practiced with four examples of social transformation: the transformation of nationality and citizenship, the public sphere and political communication, civil society, and space and borders.

 

 A question what I have brought up in my mind is that what if other type of politics has become a globalized standard. Does democracy and parliamentary government the best normalized promise among world society? Is there any considerable alternative for this economically unbalanced society?

Political Globalization 

1.

  The concept of globalization as used in this chapter refers to the multidimensional, accelerated and interconnected . There can be little doubt that one of the most pervasive forms of political globalization is the worldwide spread of democracy based on the parliamentary nationstate. acceptability. The famous thesis of the ‘end of history’ misinterpreted this to be the end of ideology, since the spread of liberal democracy did not lead to the end of ideology but to the proliferation of more and different kinds of ideology. The concept of civil society is much contested and for present purposes it simply refers to the political domain between the state and the market where informal politics takes place. The three dynamics of political globalization will be examined in this chapter around four examples of social transformation: the transformation of nationality and citizenship, the public sphere and political communication, civil society, and space and borders.

   A distinction needs to be made between states and nation-states. While most states are nation-states there is an important distinction which is particularly important in the context of political globalization. The decoupling of nationality and citizenship can be attributed to the impact of global normative culture, which has led to a blurring of the boundary between national and international law. Especially in the countries of the European Union, it is now more difficult for states to resist international law, which has become progressively incorporated into national law.

 Communication is central to politics. Nation-states have been based on centralized systems of communication ranging from national systems of education and science, national newspapers and media such as TV as well as national commemorations and popular culture in which national narratives and collective identities were codified, reproduced and legitimated.

Until now this has been mostly conceived of as a national public sphere. Most of the examples taken by Habermas relate to national public spheres. While debates continue on the question of the global public sphere as a transnational space, what is more important is the emergence of a global public discourse, which is less a spatially defi ned entity than a manifestation of discourse.

    The image of a ‘borderless world’ has long been associated with thinking about globalization. The power of global processes to transcend national borders, annihilate distance and unite through global catastrophe has provided the globalization literature with a range of powerful metaphors: the ‘global village’; ‘world polity’; ‘fragile earth’. It has also led to an interesting paradox.

    Against the background of the shifts outlined in this chapter, away from a statecentric world towards polycentric networks of governance and the development of a global political culture which works, in part, to hold the nation-state in stasis, the central question generated by political globalization is the degree to which the fragmentation of the social world leads to a loss of political autonomy. First, the globalization of the nation-state, and its model of political membership and institutionalized governance, has given form to the universal aspiration for democracy. Second, global normative culture, which has been disseminated by INGOs over a long period of time and has scripted the development of the nation-state as a global form, has also acted as a vector for global norms of personhood positing a world of individuals sustained by human rights law.

2..

  Polycentric networks, and in particular the development of global civil society, create new opportunities for autonomy and the recognition of a range of new actors and new modes of governance, but, at the same time, can create new instabilities and dangers. Global civil society actors do not necessarily work for peace, freedom and democratization; the so-called ‘dark-side’ of civil society.

   The autonomy possessed by civil society actors and the ways in which they lack accountability and democratic credentials, and tend in any case to be self-appointed spokespersons for the causes they espouse, creates new political spaces and transnational networks which can easily be appropriated by terrorists, traffickers in drugs and people, and organized crime in such a way as to undermine a nascent world polity.

3.

  What is the examples of ‘dark-side’ of civil society? 

-Yirang Kim  (yirangbu@naver.com)

Blog 3. "What is the relation between politics and globalization?” by San Ha :Lee

 

“What is the relation between politics and globalization?” by San Ha :Lee

 

 

Political globalization has important question, that is the degree to which the fragmentation of the social world leads to a loss of political autonomy. And political globalization has the three processes global geopolitics, global normative culture and polycentric networks.

First, global geopolitics. The nation-state has identity and it is helpful for democracy

to spread all over the world. But also, there are some problems of that, democracy rises conflicts.

Second, global normative culuture is realated with human right laws.

And it supports the human right.

Finally, polycentric networks, because of the development of global civil society, make new opportunities for autonomy and the recognition of a range of new actors and new modes of governance

But they also have danger that they leads to lack accountability and democratic credentials.

Political globalization is a result and process of the tension among these three processes.

What is the relation between politics and globalization?

1. Political systems have very strong and important power in the society. These power is coercive, symbolic, administrative and incentive. Globalization has a great effect on these political systems. most government of the countries has democracy. That's because globalization spread throughout the world. Furthermore some countries make political unions. Because They put emphasis on dependence and cooperation between countries. They form international norms and law to make an alliance. This it very important issue in globalization. In the reading, there are three processes which interact to produce the complex field of global politics: global geopolitics, global normative culture and polycentric networks.
 2. I think international politics is to make an effort to maintain international order through the globalization.
 3. The north korea's formal name is Democratic People's Republic of Korea. Why they use the word, 'Democratic'?